(一) S +Vi：主詞 + 動詞(不及物動詞)
例：The car stopped. (那輛車停住了)
The big dog barks. (那隻大狗在叫)
Her smile appears. (她的笑容露出來了)
The children who had been ignored by his mother cried loudly so that she would pay attention to him.
main clause is : The children cried loudly.
compound syntax is : so that she would pay attention to him
complex syntax is : who had been ignored by his mother (adj .cl)
(二) S + Vt + O：主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 (Vt為及物動詞所以要有受詞)
例：My sister broke the vase. (我的姊姊打破那個花瓶)
I like you. (我喜歡你)
Since customer started complaining ,the Chinese restaurant at the street corner has been offing food that contains No Msg.
受詞（object）在句子中充當動作的承受者，因此一般都放在及物動詞（transitive verb）之後。
(三)S + V + C：主詞 + 動詞 + 補語
例：He looks hot. (他看起來很熱)
He is a teacher. (他是一位老師)
She is an outstanding stock broker. (她是一個傑出的股票經紀人)
(五) S + V + O + OC：主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 + 受詞補語
例：People elected him President in this year's election.
(人民在今年的選舉中選它為總統)
His irresponsibility made his whole family miserable.
(他的不負責任使得他的家人悲慘)
(四) S + V + IO + DO：主詞 + 動詞 + 間接受詞 + 直接受詞
例： He made me a cup of coffee. = He made a cup of coffee for me. (他泡了一杯咖啡給我)
My mother used to tell me bedtime stories every night. =
My mother used to tell bedtime stories to me every night.
(我母親過去曾每天晚上睡前說故事給我聽)
只要掌握了五大句型，以後寫簡單句（simple sentence）、合句（compound sentence）、複句（complex sentence）、複合句（compound-complex sentence），都可以避免犯文法錯誤了。
The element of sentences
(1)Subject(主部) and Predicate(述部)
(2)Object(受詞)
(3)Complement(補語)
(4)Modifier(修飾語)
(5)Phrase(片語)
(6)Clause(子句)
句子的種類（Kinds of Sentences）
句子依其結構可分類如下：
（一）Simple sentences（簡單句）即，不含子句的句子，
例如：I want to buy it.
Mary and Betty are classmates.
Seeing me, he ran away.
（二）Compound sentences（合句=對等子句+對等子句）
例如：They went up, and we came down.
He is poor, but he is happy.
（三）Complex sentences（複句=主要子句＋從屬子句）
例如：I will let you know if he comes.
I know where he lives.
（四）Compound-complex sentences（複合句=對等子句＋對等子句＋從屬子句）
例如：It is true that he is old, but he is still strong.
